Basic Terminology (cont’d)
The “IPv4” addressing scheme uses 32-bit addresses, often presented as a set of four octets.
Read from left to right, we progressively define a particular machine:
The “dotted quad” or “dotted decimal” format is quite common.
Numbering is controlled by the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA), and later the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN).